4月30日雅思大作文示范写作 | 为什么远离家庭
Some people think that environmental problems are too big for individuals to solve. Others, however, believe that these problems cannot be solved if individuals do not take action.
Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
【段落示范】(主体部分的第 一段: Some的立场)
Admittedly, it is justifiable for some to advocate that individuals can do little, for solving environmental problems, as a global issue, requires nations, organisations, companies, and individuals to get involved, and governments have more extensive impacts.
* 第1句是“论证的起点”，点出“个人做的有限”的主要原因：环境作为全球性问题，需要多方合作。
Compared with average people, who can merely persuade others to follow the rules and norms, the governing authority possesses the legislative power to enact strict laws, issue corresponding policies, and effectively enforce people to safeguard the environment.
* 第2句是根据第1句的内容“展开”，抓住“extensive”，指出政府的影响力为什么更广泛，即政府有但个人没有的权力。
For example, heavy fines can deter both institutions and individuals to behave properly. In comparison, individuals are not empowered to require others to do so.
* 第3、4句是第2句的“展开”，抓住“legislative power/ enact strict laws”具体举例“何种法律”，对比个人就没有这种权力。
【解析】
一、内容维度(TR)：*** 特别重要 ***
* 见行文中批注。
二、文脉逻辑维度(CC)：*** 特别重要 ***
* 见行文中批注。
* 注意：本演示段落是典型的“纵深展开”的论证模式：从粗略概括开始，逐步细化，句句展开，直至把论点的内容说清楚。主要用到的论证手段为“对比论证”。
三、词汇维度(LR)：
* justifiable是形容词，意思是“合理的”。归类于写作通用词。
* extensive是形容词，意思是“广泛的”。归类于写作通用词。
* persuade是及物动词，句中的意思是“说服”。归类于写作通用词。
* norm是可数名词，意思是“标准，准则”。归类于写作通用词。
* legislative是形容词，意思是“立法的”。归类于主题词。
* enact是及物动词，意思是“将…制定成法律”。归类于主题词。
* issue是及物动词，意思是“颁布”。归类于主题词。
* enforce及物动词，意思是“强迫实行”。归类于写作通用词。
* safeguard是及物动词，意思是“保护”。归类于写作通用词。
* fine在句中是可数名词，意思是“罚金，罚款”。归类于主题词。
* deter是及物动词，意思是“制止，阻止”。归类于主题词。
* empower是及物动词，意思是“授权[某人或某组织做某事]”。归类于写作通用词。
四、语法和句型维度(GRA)：
* 第 一句是主从复合句：主句 + for引导的原因状语从句，原因状语从句中由and引导两个分句。
* 第二句中有一个非限制性定语从句。
* 第三、四句分别是个简单的“主—谓—宾”和“主—系—表”结构的句子。
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4月30日雅思大作文示范写作 | 为什么远离家庭
年4月30日雅思大作文题目
In many countries, people spend more and more time away from their families. What causes this trend? What effects do you think it has on themselves and their families?
高分范文及解析
Introduction
There has been a growing trend that people in many metropolises allocate less time to staying with their families. Personally, behind this trend are two predominant factors, and this may exert impacts on both individuals and their families.
解析
很纯说明文题型，问原因和结果。家庭大话题下的老话题，就在年8月12日刚考过。审题时需注意：结果的部分，必须从“个人”和“家庭”两个层面讨论。
Ø exert vt. 施加
Reasons
Generally speaking, the surging pressure, be it in study or in employment, has attributed to this trend. More accurately, as the vacancies of governmental bodies and highly-reputed businesses are few and far between, the competition for an ideal job is intense considering the sea of people applying. To have an edge over their counterparts, those applicants, when they were students, had every reason to seek for the opportunities to enrol in renowned universities, regardless of how far away they might be from their families. As to the working professionals, it is due to the heavier living pressure that they, especially average working parents, have to spend the majority of their time in office or on business trips, leaving their children or the elderly at home.
解析
主要原因——激增的生活压力：群体1(学生党)：外出学习以谋求日后的竞争力;群体2(上班族)：为了寻求更多的工作机会，远离家庭
Ø vacancy n. [职位]空位，空缺
Ø few and far between adj. 少之又少
Ø counterpart n. 职务相当的人;作用相当的事物
Ø working professional n. 上班族
Effects
This trend may bring both positive and negative effects on individuals and households. To illustrate, either the students or workers who live alone away from home will become more independent, as they have to cope with a colossal quantity of trivialities ranging from getting familiarised with the rail network to handling various paper work. However, they may also feel homesick for the lifestyle in this city may be quite different from the one they are used to live. In terms of families, while young couples may receive decent payments, the family bonds will be severely impacted, which will either render their grown-up children estranged from them or make their aged parents suffer from empty-nest syndrome.
解析
个人层面：更独立，但孤独思乡;家庭层面：可能有更好的收入，但家庭关系疏离，导致要么孩子缺少父母教育，要么父母经受空巢综合症的煎熬
Ø colossal adj. 巨大的
Ø family bond n. 家庭关系
Ø estranged adj. 疏远的
empty-nest syndrome n. 空巢综合症
Conclusion
To recapitulate, since possible reasons and effects have been clarified, individuals should take every factor into consideration when deciding whether they should study or work away from their families.
解析
重申观点
Ø recapitulate v. 总结
